(Edmonton) The next time tea drinkers steep another cup, they may want to consider adding a splash of milk if they want to keep their teeth white.
"Tea is the second most consumed drink in the world, and the way it's processed affects how teeth are stained. The more the tea is processed or oxidized, the higher its staining properties are," says Ava Chow, an assistant professor in the University of Alberta's School of Dentistry. "But we've found that the addition of milk to tea reduces the tea's ability to stain teeth."
Chow designed her study on prevention of tea-induced extrinsic tooth stain as a way to introduce undergraduate dental hygiene students to research. But her findings give a whole new meaning to the term "double-double."
Casein, the main protein in milk, was found to bind to the tannins-water-soluble compounds that are responsible for much of the staining properties of tea-and prevent teeth staining, explains Chow.
Using already extracted human teeth as samples, Chow and her students first recorded and determined the colour of the natural teeth before exposing them to the staining procedure. They excluded teeth that had fillings, signs of tooth decay, or obvious cracks and fractures.
The teeth were then divided and placed in either a controlled solution of tea, or a solution of tea with milk for 24 hours at 37 C. Colour readings were then taken again.
"The results we found showed that casein is the component of milk that is responsible for the reduction of tea-induced staining," Chow says. "The magnitude of the colour change observed in our experiments is comparable to the colour change seen by vital bleaching products and more effective than whitening toothpastes."
But Chow notes that the social context of tea may have to be considered before dentists start recommending that patients take milk with their tea.
"Adding milk to tea is a culture-specific phenomenon. Some cultures may refuse to add it and others only drink tea with milk."
Chow's research team included Graciela Garen, Rebecca Lee, Angela Bayne and Marguerite Tiangco. Her findings are published in the November 2014 edition of the International Journal of Dental Hygiene.